The goals of this study are to advance existing research, inform national debates, and provide actionable insights to those seeking to strengthen trust and respect between vulnerable people and the physicians who serve them. The study will compare the perspectives of Medicaid beneficiaries and primary care physicians who treat Medicaid beneficiaries regarding the behaviors that each group believes can build and damage trust and respect between patients and physicians. The researchers will conduct four focus groups – two with Medicaid beneficiaries and two with primary care physicians who accept Medicaid patients – in order to inform the development of two surveys: 1) a representative survey of 1,000 adult Medicaid beneficiaries, and 2) a representative survey of 400 primary care physicians who accept Medicaid. By comparing the perspectives of Medicaid beneficiaries and primary care physicians who treat Medicaid beneficiaries, the proposed study will identify the behaviors that both groups agree can build and damage mutual trust and respect. It will also identify conflicts between the two groups’ perceptions regarding building mutual trust and respect. Deliverables will include a project work plan, annual and final narrative reports, and financial reports. The grantee will also produce a professionally designed, publicly available report; a short brief and video summarizing the findings and implications; a chart pack; and a topline. These products will be disseminated as part of a comprehensive national communications plan.